Košarica

Spreman..

Edit match video

Edit match settings

Who starts to play?

Runouts
Redova
Highbreaks

Set playing sequence

Napiši komentar

Prati
Prijava neophodna za ovu radnju

Podjeli ovu stranicu

9. ožujka. - 10. ožujka 2024.

2024 SPA Seniors Tour - Event 1

Blackball

Dodaj igrača

Molim pričekajte

Create player

Molim pričekajte

New players will be added to your members section.

Rezultati  

#ImeMečevi (pobjede/porazi)Slaganja (pobjede/porazi)Postotak pobjeda
1 Scotland John Macfarlane
6 (6/0) 55 (36/19)
65%
2 Panama Jim McGeachie
7 (6/1) 68 (41/27)
60%
3 Scotland Scott Dunbar
6 (5/1) 60 (35/25)
58%
3 Scotland David Jack
6 (5/1) 56 (33/23)
59%
5 Scotland Greg Morris
5 (4/1) 43 (26/17)
60%
5 Scotland Graham Dunbar
5 (4/1) 41 (28/13)
68%
5 Scotland Martin Jones
5 (4/1) 39 (28/11)
72%
5 Scotland Kevin MacLeod
4 (3/1) 33 (23/10)
70%
9 Scotland Alan Barnes
4 (3/1) 39 (23/16)
59%
Pokaži više
9 Scotland Donald Brown
4 (3/1) 34 (23/11)
68%
9 Scotland James Gillan
4 (3/1) 40 (22/18)
55%
9 Scotland Robert Mcadam
4 (3/1) 37 (23/14)
62%
9 Scotland Gary Scott
3 (2/1) 27 (16/11)
59%
9 Scotland Jim Hadden
4 (3/1) 32 (19/13)
59%
9 Scotland Gary Robertson
4 (3/1) 36 (23/13)
64%
9 Scotland Bruce Johnston
4 (3/1) 36 (20/16)
56%
17 United Arab Emirates Craig Hart
2 (1/1) 20 (10/10)
50%
17 Scotland Nigel Kitchen
2 (1/1) 21 (10/11)
48%
17 Scotland Ally Mooney
3 (2/1) 25 (14/11)
56%
17 Scotland John Mccormack
3 (2/1) 27 (13/14)
48%
17 Scotland Jim Stephen
3 (2/1) 23 (15/8)
65%
17 Scotland Paul Bryson
3 (2/1) 28 (13/15)
46%
17 Scotland Mark Graham
3 (2/1) 26 (14/12)
54%
17 Scotland Robert McCarrol
3 (2/1) 27 (14/13)
52%
17 Scotland Eddie Cassidy
3 (2/1) 28 (17/11)
61%
17 Scotland Jimmy Pollock
3 (2/1) 27 (16/11)
59%
17 Scotland Pete Smith
3 (2/1) 26 (16/10)
62%
17 Scotland Gavin Lunn
2 (1/1) 13 (6/7)
46%
17 Scotland Craig Martin
2 (1/1) 18 (9/9)
50%
17 Scotland Fred Williams
3 (2/1) 25 (12/13)
48%
17 Scotland Paul Doherty
3 (2/1) 26 (15/11)
58%
17 Scotland Nick Denson
3 (2/1) 28 (15/13)
54%
33 Scotland Bryan Taylor
2 (1/1) 17 (9/8)
53%
33 Scotland Brian Gregson
2 (1/1) 14 (8/6)
57%
33 Scotland Andrew Blyth
2 (1/1) 18 (7/11)
39%
33 Scotland Campbell Sarrison
2 (1/1) 20 (11/9)
55%
33 Scotland Chris White
2 (1/1) 15 (6/9)
40%
33 Scotland Scott Simpson
2 (1/1) 18 (10/8)
56%
33 Scotland James Duncan
2 (1/1) 18 (9/9)
50%
33 Scotland Neil Dudgeon
2 (1/1) 15 (6/9)
40%
33 Scotland John McNulty
2 (1/1) 15 (7/8)
47%
33 Scotland Bryan Murray
0 (0/0) 0 (0/0)
0%
33 Scotland Steff Penman
1 (0/1) 8 (2/6)
25%
33 Scotland Andy Mcaulay
2 (1/1) 13 (7/6)
54%
33 Scotland Billy Stirling
2 (1/1) 21 (11/10)
52%
33 Scotland Bill Scott
1 (0/1) 8 (2/6)
25%
33 Scotland Allan Kelman
2 (1/1) 20 (11/9)
55%
33 Scotland Dougie Robertson.
2 (1/1) 18 (8/10)
44%
33 Scotland Ian Quigley
1 (0/1) 11 (5/6)
45%
33 Scotland James Quigley
1 (0/1) 6 (0/6)
0%
33 Scotland Mike McHardy
2 (1/1) 22 (11/11)
50%
33 Scotland Gareth Lithgow
1 (0/1) 10 (4/6)
40%
33 Scotland Lee Bruce
2 (1/1) 20 (9/11)
45%
33 Scotland Paul Cruickshank
2 (1/1) 21 (11/10)
52%
33 Scotland Scott Johnston
2 (1/1) 17 (7/10)
41%
33 Scotland Paul Mccormack
1 (0/1) 11 (5/6)
45%
33 Scotland Danny Turner
2 (1/1) 12 (6/6)
50%
33 Scotland Stephen Ainsworth
2 (1/1) 16 (9/7)
56%
33 Scotland Thomas McWhirter
2 (1/1) 18 (10/8)
56%
33 Scotland Jim Meikle
2 (1/1) 17 (6/11)
35%
33 Scotland Wayne Crole
2 (1/1) 19 (8/11)
42%
33 United Kingdom Kevin Swinton
1 (0/1) 10 (4/6)
40%
33 Scotland Steve Hamilton
2 (1/1) 22 (11/11)
50%
33 Scotland Chris Kelly
1 (0/1) 11 (5/6)
45%
65 Scotland Sandra Bell
1 (0/1) 7 (1/6)
14%
65 Scotland Allan Aird
1 (0/1) 10 (4/6)
40%
65 Scotland Henry Hope
0 (0/0) 0 (0/0)
0%
65 Scotland George McGrath
0 (0/0) 0 (0/0)
0%
65 United Kingdom Gerry Quigley
1 (0/1) 10 (4/6)
40%
65 Scotland Karen Hart
1 (0/1) 8 (2/6)
25%
65 Scotland Ricky Anderson
1 (0/1) 11 (5/6)
45%
65 Scotland Andrew Fleming
0 (0/0) 0 (0/0)
0%
65 Scotland Brian Allan
1 (0/1) 8 (2/6)
25%
65 Scotland Martin Fisher
0 (0/0) 0 (0/0)
0%
65 Scotland David Thomas
0 (0/0) 0 (0/0)
0%
65 Scotland Marc Boyd
0 (0/0) 0 (0/0)
0%
65 Scotland Mick McCallum
1 (0/1) 7 (1/6)
14%
65 Scotland David Blakeway
1 (0/1) 11 (5/6)
45%
65 Scotland Colin Welsh
1 (0/1) 9 (3/6)
33%
65 Scotland John Roddie
0 (0/0) 0 (0/0)
0%
65 Scotland Kevin Gibb
1 (0/1) 8 (2/6)
25%
65 Scotland Robert Devine
1 (0/1) 9 (3/6)
33%
65 Scotland Alan Beattie
1 (0/1) 9 (3/6)
33%
65 Scotland Robin Johnston
1 (0/1) 6 (0/6)
0%
65 Scotland Alex Campbell
1 (0/1) 9 (3/6)
33%
65 Scotland Derek Welsh
1 (0/1) 6 (0/6)
0%
65 Scotland Phil Currie
1 (0/1) 10 (4/6)
40%
65 Scotland James Ross
1 (0/1) 7 (1/6)
14%
65 United Kingdom David Forbes
1 (0/1) 8 (2/6)
25%
65 Scotland Alexander mckenzie
0 (0/0) 0 (0/0)
0%
65 United Kingdom Lee Cruickshank
1 (0/1) 9 (3/6)
33%
65 Scotland Robert Edment
1 (0/1) 8 (2/6)
25%
65 Scotland Jimmy Gibson
1 (0/1) 11 (5/6)
45%
65 Scotland Craig Heron
1 (0/1) 8 (2/6)
25%
65 Scotland Hassan El Barni
1 (0/1) 6 (0/6)
0%
65 Scotland Graham Brown
1 (0/1) 10 (4/6)
40%
65 Scotland Allan Easton
1 (0/1) 7 (1/6)
14%
65 Scotland Craig Armstrong
0 (0/0) 0 (0/0)
0%
65 Scotland Brian Garrick
0 (0/0) 0 (0/0)
0%
65 Scotland Murray MacInnes
1 (0/1) 8 (2/6)
25%
65 Scotland Chris Lewis
1 (0/1) 9 (3/6)
33%
65 Scotland Robert Smith
1 (0/1) 9 (3/6)
33%
65 Scotland David Kane
1 (0/1) 6 (0/6)
0%
65 Scotland Joe Quinn
0 (0/0) 0 (0/0)
0%
65 Scotland Pauline Robertson
1 (0/1) 10 (4/6)
40%
65 Scotland James Walker
1 (0/1) 11 (5/6)
45%
65 Scotland Allan Clark
1 (0/1) 10 (4/6)
40%
65 Scotland Brian Mcvey
1 (0/1) 7 (1/6)
14%
65 Scotland John O’Byrne
1 (0/1) 7 (1/6)
14%
65 Scotland Joe Knox
1 (0/1) 8 (2/6)
25%
65 Scotland Billy Macdonald
1 (0/1) 10 (4/6)
40%
65 Scotland Jake Gardner
1 (0/1) 7 (1/6)
14%
65 Scotland Eddie McVey
1 (0/1) 9 (3/6)
33%
65 Scotland James Inglis
0 (0/0) 0 (0/0)
0%
65 Scotland Jamie Reynolds
0 (0/0) 0 (0/0)
0%
65 Scotland Mike Shep
0 (0/0) 0 (0/0)
0%
65 Scotland Michael Panzica
1 (0/1) 11 (5/6)
45%
65 Scotland John McGinn
1 (0/1) 11 (5/6)
45%
65 Scotland Allan Edmiston
1 (0/1) 10 (4/6)
40%
65 Costa Rica David Chalmers
1 (0/1) 8 (2/6)
25%
65 Scotland Gerry Mcfadyen
1 (0/1) 6 (0/6)
0%
65 Scotland David Brydon
1 (0/1) 9 (3/6)
33%
65 United Kingdom John Watson
1 (0/1) 11 (5/6)
45%
65 Scotland Mark Lawrence
1 (0/1) 9 (3/6)
33%
65 Scotland George Gardiner
1 (0/1) 10 (4/6)
40%
65 Scotland Stephen McCuish
0 (0/0) 0 (0/0)
0%
65 Scotland John Ward
1 (0/1) 8 (2/6)
25%
65 Scotland Stuart Martin
1 (0/1) 11 (5/6)
45%
Počinje 9. ožu 2024. 10:00 Do 10. ožu 2024. (Lokalno vrijeme)
Organizator Scottish Pool Events
Kontakt Danny Turner (dannyturner1971@gmail.com) i David Duncan (drd65@hotmail.co.uk, 07803264780)
Format Jedna eliminacija (128 Natjectelji)
Do 6
Hendikep Bez hendikepa
Dresscode SPA Dress Code

Dress trousers, polo shirt and shoes or all black trainers
Više informacija
SPA Seniors Tour Event 4 at Players Lounge, Falkirk

Sponsored By BG Kuchen
https://bgkuchen.com/

Ždrijeb

Try the new playing schedule (beta). Try now!
Čekanje
U tijeku
Završio

Runda 1

Do 6
1   
Scotland
David Jack
R1
Scotland
Robert Devine
R1
sub 11:25  Stol 2
2   
Scotland
Brian Gregson
Scotland
Hassan El Barni
sub 10:06 
3   
Scotland
Michael Panzica
Scotland
Lee Bruce
sub 10:06  Stol 3
4   
Scotland
Paul Doherty
R1
Scotland
Robert Edment
sub 10:06  Stol 4
5   
Scotland
Donald Brown
Scotland
Derek Welsh
sub 10:06  Stol 5
6   
Scotland
Bryan Taylor
Scotland
Kevin Gibb
sub 10:06  Stol 7
7   
Scotland
Steve Hamilton
R1
Scotland
James Walker
sub 10:06  Stol 8
8   
Scotland
Mark Graham
Scotland
Sandra Bell
sub 10:06  Stol 9
9   
United Arab Emirates
Craig Hart
Scotland
Craig Armstrong
sub 10:00 
10   
United Kingdom
David Forbes
Scotland
Scott Simpson
sub 10:06  Stol 10
11   
Scotland
Andy Mcaulay
Scotland
Robin Johnston
sub 10:06  Stol 12
12   
Scotland
Jim Hadden
R1
Scotland
Murray MacInnes
sub 10:06  Stol 11
13   
Scotland
James Inglis
Scotland
Ian Quigley
sub 10:06 
14   
United Kingdom
Lee Cruickshank
Scotland
John Mccormack
sub 10:06  Stol 13
15   
Scotland
Stephen Ainsworth
Scotland
John O’Byrne
sub 11:02  Stol 6
16   
Scotland
Graham Dunbar
Scotland
Joe Knox
sub 11:02  Stol 10
17   
Scotland
Kevin MacLeod
Scotland
George McGrath
sub 11:15 
18   
Scotland
Colin Welsh
Scotland
Neil Dudgeon
sub 11:06  Stol 12
19   
Costa Rica
David Chalmers
Scotland
Robert McCarrol
R1
sub 11:20  Stol 1
20   
Scotland
Brian Garrick
Scotland
Chris Kelly
sub 11:15 
21   
Scotland
David Brydon
Scotland
Allan Kelman
sub 11:07  Stol 5
22   
Scotland
Paul Bryson
Scotland
Allan Clark
R2
sub 11:22  Stol 4
23   
Scotland
Bruce Johnston
Scotland
Phil Currie
sub 11:15  Stol 9
24   
Scotland
Eddie McVey
Scotland
Campbell Sarrison
sub 11:28  Stol 7
25   
Scotland
James Gillan
Scotland
George Gardiner
sub 11:34  Stol 10
26   
Scotland
Thomas McWhirter
Scotland
John Ward
sub 11:36  Stol 6
27   
United Kingdom
Kevin Swinton
Scotland
Jamie Reynolds
sub 11:15 
28   
Scotland
Jimmy Pollock
Scotland
Mick McCallum
sub 11:37  Stol 11
29   
Scotland
Nick Denson
Scotland
Alan Beattie
sub 11:41  Stol 3
30   
Scotland
Mike Shep
Scotland
Gareth Lithgow
sub 11:15 
31   
Scotland
Wayne Crole
United Kingdom
John Watson
sub 12:03  Stol 8
32   
Panama
Jim McGeachie
United Kingdom
Gerry Quigley
sub 11:46  Stol 13
33   
Scotland
Scott Dunbar
Scotland
Stuart Martin
R1
sub 14:22  Stol 8
34   
Scotland
Billy Stirling
Scotland
Graham Brown
sub 15:44  Stol 2
35   
Scotland
Jimmy Gibson
Scotland
Ally Mooney
sub 15:11  Stol 4
36   
Scotland
Martin Fisher
Scotland
James Quigley
sub 15:00 
37   
Scotland
Chris White
Scotland
Chris Lewis
sub 14:57  Stol 3
38   
Scotland
Jim Stephen
Scotland
Brian Allan
sub 14:00  Stol 9
39   
Scotland
Scott Johnston
Scotland
Allan Edmiston
sub 14:41  Stol 7
40   
Scotland
Robert Mcadam
Scotland
Allan Aird
sub 15:12  Stol 12
41   
Scotland
Mark Lawrence
Scotland
James Duncan
sub 15:13  Stol 10
42   
Scotland
Pete Smith
Scotland
Jake Gardner
sub 15:34  Stol 5
43   
Scotland
Greg Morris
R1
Scotland
Allan Easton
sub 16:00  Stol 1
44   
Scotland
John McNulty
Scotland
Karen Hart
sub 16:15  Stol 5
45   
Scotland
Eddie Cassidy
Scotland
David Kane
sub 16:16  Stol 11
46   
Scotland
Pauline Robertson
Scotland
Paul Cruickshank
sub 16:34  Stol 6
47   
Scotland
Dougie Robertson.
Scotland
Billy Macdonald
sub 16:35  Stol 4
48   
Scotland
Alan Barnes
Scotland
Alex Campbell
sub 16:40  Stol 13
49   
Scotland
Danny Turner
Scotland
Gerry Mcfadyen
ned 10:03  Stol 11
50   
Scotland
John Macfarlane
Scotland
John Roddie
ned 10:00 
51   
Scotland
Fred Williams
Scotland
Craig Heron
ned 10:03  Stol 1
52   
Scotland
Ricky Anderson
Scotland
Mike McHardy
ned 10:03  Stol 2
53   
Scotland
Gary Robertson
R1
Scotland
James Ross
ned 10:03  Stol 3
54   
Scotland
David Thomas
Scotland
Steff Penman
ned 10:00 
55   
Scotland
Paul Mccormack
Scotland
Marc Boyd
ned 10:00 
56   
Scotland
Nigel Kitchen
Scotland
Joe Quinn
ned 10:00 
57   
Scotland
Gary Scott
Scotland
Andrew Fleming
ned 10:00 
58   
Scotland
Henry Hope
Scotland
Bill Scott
ned 10:00 
59   
Scotland
Bryan Murray
Scotland
Stephen McCuish
ned 10:00 
60   
Scotland
Craig Martin
Scotland
Robert Smith
ned 10:03  Stol 4
61   
Scotland
John McGinn
Scotland
Andrew Blyth
ned 10:03  Stol 5
62   
Scotland
Alex MacKenzie
Scotland
Gavin Lunn
ned 10:00 
63   
Scotland
Jim Meikle
Scotland
David Blakeway
ned 10:03  Stol 6
64   
Scotland
Brian Mcvey
Scotland
Martin Jones
ned 10:03  Stol 13

Runda 2

Do 6
65   
Scotland
David Jack
Scotland
Brian Gregson
sub 13:04  Stol 13
66   
Scotland
Lee Bruce
Scotland
Paul Doherty
sub 12:22  Stol 11
67   
Scotland
Donald Brown
R1
Scotland
Bryan Taylor
sub 12:25  Stol 1
68   
Scotland
Steve Hamilton
Scotland
Mark Graham
sub 12:28  Stol 7
69   
United Arab Emirates
Craig Hart
R1
Scotland
Scott Simpson
sub 12:28  Stol 9
70   
Scotland
Andy Mcaulay
Scotland
Jim Hadden
R2
sub 12:41  Stol 10
71   
Scotland
Ian Quigley
Scotland
John Mccormack
sub 12:43  Stol 12
72   
Scotland
Stephen Ainsworth
Scotland
Graham Dunbar
sub 12:44  Stol 6
73   
Scotland
Kevin MacLeod
R1
Scotland
Neil Dudgeon
sub 12:49  Stol 5
74   
Scotland
Robert McCarrol
Scotland
Chris Kelly
R1
sub 12:55  Stol 3
75   
Scotland
Allan Kelman
Scotland
Paul Bryson
sub 13:46  Stol 1
76   
Scotland
Bruce Johnston
Scotland
Campbell Sarrison
sub 12:56  Stol 2
77   
Scotland
James Gillan
Scotland
Thomas McWhirter
sub 13:09  Stol 4
78   
United Kingdom
Kevin Swinton
Scotland
Jimmy Pollock
sub 13:55  Stol 11
79   
Scotland
Nick Denson
Scotland
Gareth Lithgow
sub 13:53  Stol 10
80   
Scotland
Wayne Crole
Panama
Jim McGeachie
sub 14:21  Stol 4
81   
Scotland
Scott Dunbar
Scotland
Billy Stirling
sub 17:18  Stol 9
82   
Scotland
Ally Mooney
Scotland
James Quigley
sub 16:43  Stol 7
83   
Scotland
Chris White
Scotland
Jim Stephen
sub 16:53  Stol 3
84   
Scotland
Scott Johnston
Scotland
Robert Mcadam
sub 17:16  Stol 2
85   
Scotland
James Duncan
Scotland
Pete Smith
sub 16:54  Stol 8
86   
Scotland
Greg Morris
Scotland
John McNulty
sub 17:31  Stol 7
87   
Scotland
Eddie Cassidy
Scotland
Paul Cruickshank
R1
sub 17:52  Stol 5
88   
Scotland
Dougie Robertson.
Scotland
Alan Barnes
R3
sub 18:32  Stol 11
89   
Scotland
Danny Turner
Scotland
John Macfarlane
ned 11:12  Stol 12
90   
Scotland
Fred Williams
Scotland
Mike McHardy
ned 11:46  Stol 2
91   
Scotland
Gary Robertson
Scotland
Steff Penman
ned 11:12  Stol 11
92   
Scotland
Paul Mccormack
Scotland
Nigel Kitchen
ned 11:03  Stol 13
93   
Scotland
Gary Scott
R1
Scotland
Bill Scott
ned 10:04  Stol 12
94   
Scotland
Bryan Murray
Scotland
Craig Martin
ned 11:15 
95   
Scotland
Andrew Blyth
Scotland
Gavin Lunn
ned 11:15  Stol 1
96   
Scotland
Jim Meikle
Scotland
Martin Jones
ned 11:31  Stol 4

Runda 3

Do 6
97   
Scotland
David Jack
Scotland
Paul Doherty
sub 14:06  Stol 13
98   
Scotland
Donald Brown
R1
Scotland
Mark Graham
R1
sub 14:37  Stol 2
99   
United Arab Emirates
Craig Hart
R1
Scotland
Jim Hadden
sub 14:04  Stol 6
100   
Scotland
John Mccormack
Scotland
Graham Dunbar
sub 14:27  Stol 12
101   
Scotland
Kevin MacLeod
Scotland
Robert McCarrol
sub 15:08  Stol 11
102   
Scotland
Paul Bryson
Scotland
Bruce Johnston
sub 16:08  Stol 9
103   
Scotland
James Gillan
Scotland
Jimmy Pollock
sub 15:41  Stol 13
104   
Scotland
Nick Denson
Panama
Jim McGeachie
sub 15:52  Stol 8
105   
Scotland
Scott Dunbar
Scotland
Ally Mooney
sub 18:47  Stol 1
106   
Scotland
Jim Stephen
Scotland
Robert Mcadam
R1
sub 19:15  Stol 3
107   
Scotland
Pete Smith
Scotland
Greg Morris
sub 18:41  Stol 4
108   
Scotland
Eddie Cassidy
Scotland
Alan Barnes
R2
sub 20:09  Stol 13
109   
Scotland
John Macfarlane
Scotland
Fred Williams
ned 13:45  Stol 1
110   
Scotland
Gary Robertson
Scotland
Nigel Kitchen
ned 12:59  Stol 13
111   
Scotland
Gary Scott
R1
Scotland
Craig Martin
ned 11:27  Stol 7
112   
Scotland
Gavin Lunn
Scotland
Martin Jones
ned 12:51  Stol 11

Zadnjih šesnaest

Do 6
113   
Scotland
David Jack
R3
Scotland
Donald Brown
R2
sub 17:07  Stol 12
114   
Scotland
Jim Hadden
Scotland
Graham Dunbar
sub 17:09  Stol 1
115   
Scotland
Kevin MacLeod
Scotland
Bruce Johnston
sub 17:20  Stol 11
116   
Scotland
James Gillan
Panama
Jim McGeachie
sub 16:56  Stol 10
117   
Scotland
Scott Dunbar
R1
Scotland
Robert Mcadam
R1
sub 21:28  Stol 11
118   
Scotland
Greg Morris
Scotland
Alan Barnes
sub 22:18  Stol 13
119   
Scotland
John Macfarlane
Scotland
Gary Robertson
ned 15:00  Stol 11
120   
Scotland
Gary Scott
Scotland
Martin Jones
ned 13:35  Stol 12

Četvrtfinale

Do 6
121   
Scotland
David Jack
Scotland
Graham Dunbar
sub 18:14  Stol 13
122   
Scotland
Kevin MacLeod
R1
Panama
Jim McGeachie
R1
sub 18:37  Stol 12
123   
Scotland
Scott Dunbar
Scotland
Greg Morris
ned 13:41  Stol 11
124   
Scotland
John Macfarlane
Scotland
Martin Jones
ned 17:22  Stol 11

Polufinale

Do 6
125   
Scotland
David Jack
R1
Panama
Jim McGeachie
R2
ned 13:58  Stol 2
126   
Scotland
Scott Dunbar
Scotland
John Macfarlane
ned 18:59  Stol 11

Finale

Do 6
127   
Panama
Jim McGeachie
Scotland
John Macfarlane
ned 21:28  Stol 11

Komentari

Chat ()
Poslijednja poruka od:
    Prijavite se za komentiranje

    Participants